2026.10.11
間隔複習是什麼？用間隔複習背多益單字What is spaced repetition? Using it to learn TOEIC vocabulary
昨天背的單字今天就忘了？間隔複習是在快忘記時再複習一次、記住了就拉長間隔。這篇說明原理，以及印帳實際的複習排程。Forgot yesterday's words already? Spaced repetition reviews words right before you forget them, and spaces them out once you remember. Here's how it works, and how Stamp Ledger schedules reviews.
背單字最常遇到的情況是：昨天背的，今天就忘了。這很正常，記憶本來就會隨時間淡去。德國心理學家艾賓浩斯（Hermann Ebbinghaus）在 1880 年代用實驗描述了這個現象，也就是常聽到的「遺忘曲線」。
間隔複習（spaced repetition）的做法是：在快要忘記的時候再複習一次；每成功記起一次，下一次的間隔就拉長。
為什麼有效
- 間隔效應：同樣的複習次數，分散在幾天、幾週之間，通常比一次密集背很多遍記得更久。
- 主動回想：用題目逼自己想出答案，比單純重看單字表更能加深記憶。
- 把時間花在不熟的字：已經記得的字間隔越拉越長，複習時間自然集中在還沒記住的字上。
印帳的複習排程
印帳用的是固定規則的間隔複習，做法類似「萊特納盒子」（Leitner system），不是 AI。每個字放在 0 到 5 號盒子裡，盒子越後面，下次複習的間隔越長：
| 盒子 | 下次複習 |
|---|---|
| 0 | 當天 |
| 1 | 1 天後 |
| 2 | 3 天後 |
| 3 | 7 天後 |
| 4 | 14 天後 |
| 5 | 30 天後 |
- 答對：往後升一盒，下次間隔拉長。
- 答錯：退回前面的盒子，很快會再出現。
- 「已掌握」：升到第 3 盒以上，而且最近 21 天內複習過。太久沒複習會退回，提醒你回來看。
每回練習中，大約六成是到期該複習的字，其餘是還沒做過或最常錯的字，讓新進度和複習保持平衡。
不用 App 也能這樣背
- 每天固定時間少量複習，比週末一次背很多更有效。
- 用測驗的方式複習：先遮住中文，自己想意思再對答案。
- 答錯的字當天再看一次。
- 已經很熟的字拉長間隔，把時間留給不熟的字。
想知道各分數級距大概要背多少字，可以看〈多益單字要背多少？〉。
Forgetting yesterday's words is normal: memories fade over time. German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus described this in the 1880s, in what's known as the forgetting curve.
Spaced repetition means reviewing a word right before you're likely to forget it, and making the gap longer each time you remember it.
Why it works
- The spacing effect: the same number of reviews, spread over days and weeks, usually lasts longer than cramming.
- Active recall: answering a question strengthens memory more than rereading a list.
- Time goes where it's needed: words you know come back less often, so review time goes to the ones you don't.
How Stamp Ledger schedules reviews
Stamp Ledger uses fixed-rule spaced repetition, similar to the Leitner system. It is not AI. Each word sits in a box from 0 to 5; later boxes mean longer gaps:
| Box | Next review |
|---|---|
| 0 | Same day |
| 1 | 1 day later |
| 2 | 3 days later |
| 3 | 7 days later |
| 4 | 14 days later |
| 5 | 30 days later |
- Correct: the word moves up a box and comes back later.
- Wrong: it moves back and returns soon.
- Mastered: box 3 or higher, reviewed within the last 21 days. Words not reviewed for too long drop back.
About 60% of each session is words due for review; the rest are new words or your most-missed ones.
Doing it without an app
- Review a little at the same time every day rather than a lot at the weekend.
- Quiz yourself: cover the meaning, recall it, then check.
- Look at missed words again the same day.
- Space out words you know well and spend the time on the ones you don't.
For how many words each score band needs, see How many words do you need for the TOEIC?